Kalite güvence sistemi tasarımı ve Türkiye'deki uygulamalardan örnekler
Quality assurance system design and some applications in Türkey
- Tez No: 46335
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. M. BÜLENT DURMUŞOĞLU
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Endüstri ve Endüstri Mühendisliği, Industrial and Industrial Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1995
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 128
Özet
ÖZET 1987 yılında ilk olarak ve 1994 yılında değiştirilerek yeniden yayınlanan ISO 9000 serisi standartlar, yayınlandığı ilk günden itibaren ister ürün isterse hizmet üretiyor olsun tüm firmaları yakından ilgilendirmiştir. Kalitenin tarihçesi içerisinde ayn bir yeri olacak olan ISO 9000 standartları, standart gereği olarak yapılması gerekenler nedeniyle firmaları zor durumda bırakabilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasıyla ISO 9002 Kalite Güvence Sistem Standardı içerisinde yeralan maddelerin tanıtılması, bu maddelerin yorumlanması ve ilgili maddeler nedeniyle yazılması gereken sistem prosedürleri oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. ISO 9002'nin ağırlığını oluşturduğu bu çalışmada, konu ile ilgili olan ve kalite dünyasında çok gündemde olan diğer konular, bölümler halinde incelenmiştir. Birinci bölümde, kalite sistemlerinin temeli olan müşteri beklenti ve gereksinimlerinin birbirinden farkı tartışılarak, ürün standartlarının yerini sistem standartlarının alması konu edilmiştir. İkinci bölümde, 1994 yılında yayınlanmış hali temel alınarak ISO 9002'nin maddeleri tanıtılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Ayrıca herbir maddenin sonunda o madde ile ilgili olarak bir öneri yazısı eklenmiştir. Bu öneriler, ISO 9002 Standardı doğrultusunda bir kalite sistemi kurma çalışmaları olan firmalar için, hazırlamaları gereken kalite el kitabında kullanmaları için hazırlanmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde, firmaların kalite güvence sistemine sahip olduklarının onayı için gerçekleştirilen belgelendirmeden, bu görevi üstlenen kuruluşlardan ve belgelendirme sürecinin faydalarından bahsedilmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde, kalitenin tarihçesinde ISO 9000'den önce varolan Toplam Kalite Yönetimi ile ISO 9000 ilişkisi anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu iki yaklaşımın farklılıkları ve birbirlerini desteklemeleri gereken noktalar belirlenmiştir.
Özet (Çeviri)
In the fourth and final chapter, the relation between Total Quality Management and ISO 9000 was examined. Total Quality Management which has been powered by Japanese culture and ISO 9000 which reflects the systematical base of West Countries were compared. Because of the Total Quality Management and ISO 9000 have different looking points to Quality, it is looked for an answer for the question that“Which one has got a priority: Total Quality or ISO 9000?”. Systems based on ISO 9000 are characterized by reliance on manuals and documented procedures. This stems from Western dependence on legal contracts, assertion of rights and industry-segmented labour unions. In contrast, the Japanese TQC activities are characterized by“group think”, or“group-ism”, without the necessity for detailed manuals. Assertion of rights is replaced by implicit understanding and labour unions are organized within an enterprise. Explaining that comparing Total Quality and ISO 9000 is like the comparing apples and pears so instead of comparison, the powerful and weakness points of these concepts were examined. Finally it mentioned that harmonization of these concepts would be more effective. tt is possible to say that this thesis study is the first because of the contents and it was hoped mat mis study would be useful for interested people. XVIn the third Chapter, certificating the firms which means these firms have Quality Assurance System based on ISO 9000 standards, certification bodies and benefits of the certificating were subjected. Providing and maintaining to meet the customer needs are necessities where the quality system is the best way to achieve this aim. The importance of the certificating can be realized because of the number of certificated firms. By the 28m of the February 1995, in Turkey, there are 223 ISO 9000 certificates and by the January 1995, in the world, there are 70,517 ISO 9000 certificates. In the last part of the Chapter 3, certificating bodies and their accreditation were subjected. Accredited certificating bodies, EN 45,012 standard which is used for accrediting, mutual recognition between certificating bodies and E-Q-Net (European Network for Quality) which has been formed because of the mutual recognition studies, were also examined in this chapter. In the rapidly expanding field of Quality System registration, the mutual recognition of certificates has became a vital requirement. The idea behind accreditation is to maintain standards among the certification bodies operating in any particular country and in this capacity it has been largely successful. The benefits of certificating were discussed in the last part of the Chapter 3. Several reasons which can be good starring points to implement Quality Assurance System were given. Some of these reasons are here: If any firm want to foster continuos quality improvement and gain competitive advantage in world markets. In other words, it wanted to survive. Standardization of common sense saves a great deal of time, leading to less innerturbulence in decision making and ensuring uniform quality. ISO 9000 certifications provides for inherent personnel responsibility among employees. By standardizing and defining procedures, the system will give every employee involved in the system finite performance standards. XIVIn the fourth and final chapter, the relation between Total Quality Management and ISO 9000 was examined. Total Quality Management which has been powered by Japanese culture and ISO 9000 which reflects the systematical base of West Countries were compared. Because of the Total Quality Management and ISO 9000 have different looking points to Quality, it is looked for an answer for the question that“Which one has got a priority: Total Quality or ISO 9000?”. Systems based on ISO 9000 are characterized by reliance on manuals and documented procedures. This stems from Western dependence on legal contracts, assertion of rights and industry-segmented labour unions. In contrast, the Japanese TQC activities are characterized by“group think”, or“group-ism”, without the necessity for detailed manuals. Assertion of rights is replaced by implicit understanding and labour unions are organized within an enterprise. Explaining that comparing Total Quality and ISO 9000 is like the comparing apples and pears so instead of comparison, the powerful and weakness points of these concepts were examined. Finally it mentioned that harmonization of these concepts would be more effective. tt is possible to say that this thesis study is the first because of the contents and it was hoped mat mis study would be useful for interested people. XVIn the third Chapter, certificating the firms which means these firms have Quality Assurance System based on ISO 9000 standards, certification bodies and benefits of the certificating were subjected. Providing and maintaining to meet the customer needs are necessities where the quality system is the best way to achieve this aim. The importance of the certificating can be realized because of the number of certificated firms. By the 28m of the February 1995, in Turkey, there are 223 ISO 9000 certificates and by the January 1995, in the world, there are 70,517 ISO 9000 certificates. In the last part of the Chapter 3, certificating bodies and their accreditation were subjected. Accredited certificating bodies, EN 45,012 standard which is used for accrediting, mutual recognition between certificating bodies and E-Q-Net (European Network for Quality) which has been formed because of the mutual recognition studies, were also examined in this chapter. In the rapidly expanding field of Quality System registration, the mutual recognition of certificates has became a vital requirement. The idea behind accreditation is to maintain standards among the certification bodies operating in any particular country and in this capacity it has been largely successful. The benefits of certificating were discussed in the last part of the Chapter 3. Several reasons which can be good starring points to implement Quality Assurance System were given. Some of these reasons are here: If any firm want to foster continuos quality improvement and gain competitive advantage in world markets. In other words, it wanted to survive. Standardization of common sense saves a great deal of time, leading to less innerturbulence in decision making and ensuring uniform quality. ISO 9000 certifications provides for inherent personnel responsibility among employees. By standardizing and defining procedures, the system will give every employee involved in the system finite performance standards. XIVIn the fourth and final chapter, the relation between Total Quality Management and ISO 9000 was examined. Total Quality Management which has been powered by Japanese culture and ISO 9000 which reflects the systematical base of West Countries were compared. Because of the Total Quality Management and ISO 9000 have different looking points to Quality, it is looked for an answer for the question that“Which one has got a priority: Total Quality or ISO 9000?”. Systems based on ISO 9000 are characterized by reliance on manuals and documented procedures. This stems from Western dependence on legal contracts, assertion of rights and industry-segmented labour unions. In contrast, the Japanese TQC activities are characterized by“group think”, or“group-ism”, without the necessity for detailed manuals. Assertion of rights is replaced by implicit understanding and labour unions are organized within an enterprise. Explaining that comparing Total Quality and ISO 9000 is like the comparing apples and pears so instead of comparison, the powerful and weakness points of these concepts were examined. Finally it mentioned that harmonization of these concepts would be more effective. tt is possible to say that this thesis study is the first because of the contents and it was hoped mat mis study would be useful for interested people. XV
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