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Konut talebini etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesine yönelik bir çalışma

Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.

  1. Tez No: 55562
  2. Yazar: GAYE GÜNDÜZ
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. A. ŞULE ÖZÜEKREN
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Mimarlık, Architecture
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1996
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 97

Özet

ÖZET İnsanoğlu var olduğu günden bu yana iki temel ihtiyacını karşılamak için çalışmıştır. Bunlardan biri beslenme diğeri korunma bir başka deyişle barınma ihtiyacıdır. Günümüze kadar üretilen ve pazara sunulan konutlarda amaç, kullanıcıya konutu beğendirmek, cazip bir hale getirmek olmuştur. Dolayısıyla konut üreten kişi ve kuruluşların hedef noktalan ve ilgisini çekmeye çalıştıkları kesim kullanıcılar olmuştur. Konut ve konutu kullananlar -hanehalklan- arasındaki bu çok yakın ve birebir etkileşim halindeki ilişki başlangıcından itibaren önemli olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, bütün bu etküeşimin odak noktasını oluşturan hanehalklannm ele alınması ve incelenmesi düşünülmüştür. Hanehalkı ve konut ayn ayrı ve birbirleri ile etkileşim içinde incelenerek, hangi şartlar altında nasıl bir talep oluşumuna yol açtıkları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışma genel olarak dört bölümden oluşmuştur: İlk bölümde; konuya genel bir giriş yapılmıştır. Konut pazarı hakkında kısaca bilgi aktarıldıktan sonra çalışmanın amacı ve neden bu konunun seçildiği ortaya konulmuştur. ikinci bölümde; konut pazarının yapısı ve işleyişi hakkında genel olarak bilgi aktarılarak gelişmiş ülkelerde ve Türkiye'deki konut pazarının durumu üzerinde durulmuştur. Daha sonra, hanehalklannm konut talepleri ve talebi biçimlendiren faktörlerin belirlenebilmesi için yapılan alan çalışması ve izlenen yöntem açıklanmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde; hanehalklannm taleplerinin biçimlenmesinde çalışmada belirlenen kriterlerin nasıl bir etkide bulunduklan üzerinde durularak çalışmanın başlıca bulguları ortaya konulmuştur. Dördüncü bölümde; hanehalkı geçmişleri, konut geçmişleri ve emek pazan geçmişleri üst üste çakıştırılarak hanehalkının hangi zaman ve mekanda stokta yer alan konutlara karşı, sahip olduklan finansman bilgisi ve konuta yönelik bilgi kanallan vasıtasıyla nasıl bir talepte bulunduklan üzerinde durulmuştur. Sonuç bölümünde ise; çalışmanın bulgulan ortaya konularak buğuların sonuçlan tartışılmış ve çeşitli öneriler getirilmiştir. IX

Özet (Çeviri)

SUMMARY A STUDY IN EXAMINING FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HOUSING DEMAND Man has tried to provide two of his demands since he was created. One of them is feeding while the other is housing. During the early ages man used to live in caves and large trees, then he began to build houses that are simple as for use and functions, using materials found in the nature. By the time development in the technology necessitated using of new construction materials and as a result more modern housing zones and buildings with the aim being to provide satisfactory housing units to the users have been created. Therefore the object of the people and companies producing housing units used to be the users. The persons living alone has been excluded from this study as they represent a very small percent among the other users. Very close relationship between the housing units and users (prospective residents) has been very important As this relation has improved by the time, it has been necessary to offer the housing units to the users. Differences in offering the housing units to the market are due to difference in demand. Due to offer and demand to the housing units and establishment of a market media, enforcement of new legislation and regulations defined by central and local administrations have taken place. As a result constructor and user has entered into a mutual relationship under the interruptions of central and local administrations at a certain level. By the time organization became an increasing trend in operation of this market. The market formation has been completed by establishment of organizations that function in supply of housing and finance institutions that extend loan to the users in order them to obtain housing unit. Though these associations have not taken the place they deserve in the market, we assume that the market operates fully. The prospective residents should be taken into consideration as well as the location of the housing. The housing effects needs of the prospective residents with the specifications it has. But they cannot define demand onlywith their specifications. The demands are combination of all other factors. Therefore, the prospective residents play an important role on physical and environmental properties of the housing units, but on the other hand, existing housing units play an important role in giving decision. Up to now, limited number of studies have been made which mostly have a numerical approach to the issue. But it is of significance that the theories of housing should be defined as well as outlining of the nature of the demand for the people producing and marketing houses. International literature shows that the researches concerning moving, housing choices and owning a house are of great importance for the prospective residents. Though there is a great deal with this subject in the international field, in Turkey the researches are not sufficient. The handling of the issue in international literature is defined in the 2nd section of this study. The research conducted within the thesis study is intensely on the housing career of the prospective residents, the type and location of house under demand. Prospective residents and housing have been separately examined in order to find the nature of the demand. Therefore, this study shall be an alternative perspective on the housing stocks in the market and the demand to be formed against the offer. In this study, the following assumptions have been made: * Size and type of the prospective residents, its place in labor market, variety of the information means concerning the house, information on financing and variety of choices are basic factors that direct the demand in the market. Any small variations in these change the demand directed to the existing housing units. * Variety in demand causes construction of different type of housing units. Therefore, housing units that are different in nature are offered. The share of such offers in the market is determined by the size of the demand. * This interrelation is evaluated taking prospective residents as the fulcrum of the research. Therefore any variety in the size or type of the prospective residents cause the demand to change. XI* Another criteria is the financial conditions and place in the labor market of the prospective residents. Their incomes and means of income cause them to make a decision easily or hardly. Therefore, any variety in income could naturally cause their demand to change. * Further, prospective residents require their prospective houses as much near as possible to their business place as the traffic problems in urban life are very hard to overcome. * The prospective residents are assumed to have housing experience since they had been married, therefore, housing career aligned with the marriage career. This idea is realized especially in case of the prospective residents who have a long housing career. Housing career of the prospective residents should be subject to a field study not by asking them their intentions and demands but evaluating their former housing career. Taking these findings into account, the prospective demand in housing could be determined when the residents having shorter housing career are inspected. * Supply of housing that is suitable with demand would provide earlier buyer contact. The thesis that depend on the above considerations submitted hereunder consist of four sections: * Within the first section, a general introduction is given. After a short information concerning the market, the aim of the study and the reason to choose the subject are given. Within the second section general information regarding housing market, its structure and transactions are given. The properties of housing that is the basic element of the market has been evaluated. The qualities of the houses offered in the market, types of ownership, physical and social properties of the places where me houses are located are defined and by the way, the influence of those on the decision of the prospective residents are evaluated. Further the effect of those on the housing market in Turkey and abroad are particularly investigated. Demands of the prospective residents and the factors those have influence on the demand can only be determined by a field study. Thereafter the field study is explained showing how it influences the field study. XllThe third section deals with the explanation of the findings of the field study. First the selections made by the prospective residents in accordance with their needs, income paths, size and varieties and life styles, whether to own or to rent. In other words, the formation of demand is investigated. The influence of the criteria given in the investigation is handled in order to determine basic findings of the study. Then these findings are discussed to reveal an evaluation. Within fourth section the demand of the prospective residents depending on their income, and place in labor market to the existing houses is investigated. Connected therewith, the housing career of the prospective residents are handled in order to determine their behavior against price- attractive houses at various specifications, in addition prices and their tendencies are defined. The life and housing career of prospective residents and their incomes are evaluated in order to determine the demanded type and price of housing considering finance and other information related with the house. The conclusion states the findings and results are discussed therein. The following results have been obtained: * The houses are preferred in accordance with the education, age, size or type of the prospective residents * The income and means of income of the prospective residents are found to influence the trend in the housing demand, as the prospective residents aim to own a house in accordance with their income. * The place of the prospective residents in the labor market and their mobility are found interrelated as the prospective residents buy or rent new houses as their place in the market change. * The prospective residents are found to make decisions in accordance with their housing career. When housing career is investigated also with regard to marriage and business career, changes in both labor market and marriage career are found to influence the decisions and ownership type of the prospective residents. X1U* The location of the labor and housing market are also found to have influence on spatial decisions. The prospective residents prefer to be close to their business place and take the benefits of the city center. * The women among the prospective residents (especially housewives) are found to nominate their investment choices depending on the amount and means of their husband's income. The housewives are generally found to have a trend to invest money in houses. The following recommendations can be made as a result of the facts and deductions given herein: * Using the database that has been formed within this study, the factors influencing decisions of the prospective residents might be more significantly revealed by considering their marriage, housing and business histories. Using those data, the construction companies can determine the parameter that is of significance for their market. Further, such analyses might be expected to serve development of other theories in housing field. * Within this study, with regard to women, general point of view is the women who do not earn money. The studies to be conducted in future shall also deal with women earning money so that it will be possible to find out how the decisions of the women change whether they earn money or they do not. The position of the women as a user might be evaluated. * The sampling has been made by interviewing the women subjects. Therefore, the role of conflicting and agreeing ideas and their effect on the decision might be found out in the future by including the male subjects to the study. The sampling within this study has been made by interviewing the prospective residents. The studies to be made in the future might deal with various sampling fields of more than one in number. The findings of those studies might be compared with the others so that it would be possible to perceive the role of the prospective residents in connecting the two markets each other. XIV

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