TKY ve ISO 9000 yazılım uygulaması
TQM and ISO 9000 software application
- Tez No: 83081
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ. DR. CENGİZ GÜNGÖR
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Endüstri ve Endüstri Mühendisliği, Industrial and Industrial Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1999
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Petrol Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 155
Özet
TKY VE ISO 9000 YAZILIM UYGULAMASI ÖZET Bilgi çağına girdiğimiz bu günlerde iş hayatında ve toplumda iki oluşumun geliştiğini görüyoruz. Bunlardan birincisi elektroniğin toplumun her kesiminde olduğu gibi üretim teknolojilerine de girmesiyle gerçekleşen otomasyon, ikincisi milli pazarların bölgesel pazarlara, oradan da globalleşmeye giderek liberalleşmesi, doyuma ulaşan pazarlarda bir kapasite fazlasının oluşması neticesi kalite kavramının yeni bir aşamaya gelmesi. Teknolojinin gelişmesi ve rekabet şartları, dünyada“Kalite”konusuna verilen önemin son derece artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu gün rekabet, kalitenin yeni öğeleri olan fiyat ve zaman üzerinden yapılıyor. Artık müşteriyi tatmin etmek ancak ona istediği süre ve tarihte ödemeye hazır olduğu fiyattan ürünü yada hizmeti vermekle mümkündür. Dış pazarlara açılmak zorunda olan ülkemiz de daha kaliteli, daha ucuz, daha hızlı ürün ve hizmet sunma yarışına girmelidir. Kalitesiz ürün ve hizmet sadece ihraç edilebilir ürün miktarının azalmasına neden olmayıp aynı zamanda ;. isletmelerin büyümesini,. ülkenin refah düzeyinin artmasını,. hayat kalitesinin yükselmesini,. gelişmeyi, engellemekte ve hammadde, işgücü, enerji zayiatına neden olmaktadır. Kalite olgusunun dünya çapında giderek önem kazanması ile kalite kontrol konusunda ileri ülkelerde ve uluslararası kuruluşlarda,“Toplam Kalite Kontrol”,“Kalite Çemberleri”,“Kalite Güvenliği”gibi ileri teknikler geliştirilerek uygulamaya konmuştur. Günümüzde yaygınlığı tüm dünyayı sarmış olan ISO 9000 Kalite Güvencesi Sistemi, bu yolda ip uçları veren bir yol göstericidir. Kalite Güvencesi Sistemi ve ISO 9000 belgelerine sahip olmak amaç değil araç olmalı ve bunun sadece bir başlangıcın sonu olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Bu çalışmanın temelini ISO 9000 Kalite Güvencesi Sistem uygulaması oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde kalite kadar ön plana çıkan bir diğer konu da otomasyon ki bu da çalışmamızın temelini teşkil etmektedir. ISO 9000 Kalite Güvencesi Sisteminin bilgisayar ortamında yazılımı yapılarak kalitenin hız boyutuna katkıda bulunulmuştur.
Özet (Çeviri)
TQM AND ISO 9000 SOFTWARE APPLICATION SUMMARY One of the most important contemporary challenges facing schools, colleges and universities is how to manage for quality. This thesis introduces the reader to Total Quality Management (TQM) and discuses its relevance to education. The aim is to provide hard-pressed educational managers with a ready guide to the issues TQM raises and to quality management techniques. To a few readers some of the content may come as a surprise. A proportion of the book is about quality in general and TQM in industry. This is not because I take the view that business methods are superior to ideas developed from educational practice, or that education will be improved just by adopting the language of commerce. Far from it, and there is much that business can learn from the way that some of our best schools, colleges and universities are run. Simply, space is given to business examples because the origins of TQM are in business, and in particular in manufacturing, and to understand TQM it is necessary to take account of its ancestry. However, what has struck me when researching TQM is how much its philosophy corresponds with the best educational management practice. The modern approach to quality and reliability concern excellence; excellence when the product is designed, excellence when the product is made, excellence as the product is used, and excellence throughout its lifetime. Excellence does not result without effort, and products and services of superior quality and reliability require an appropriate combination of statistical, engineering, management and motivational effort. This effort can be directed for maximum benefit only in light of timely knowledge approaches, and methods that have been developed and are available in these areas of expertise. Create, control, correct and improve quality and reliability are cost effective, that enhance productivity, and create a motivational atmosphere that is constructive. TQM is a system that is seeks to increase company profits by achieving total quality customer. This realized by continuously optimizing all aspects of the production process with respect to customer needs. TQM philosophy offers a comprehensive program for creating a quality production process. The ISO 9000 standards can easily be incorporated into such a program. Although the TQM concepts are powerful, they have some disadvantages. The number of meetings required is a significant problem associated with reengineering a company this meetings often keep key personnel from doing their usual job. International Standard Organization (ISO) 9000 series has come from various sources; domestic and foreign customers, corporate headquarters, and overseas subsidiaries or sales representatives. ISO 9000 is one of three international standards dealing with quality system requirements that can be used for external quality assurance purposes.For the purpose of the International Standards the definitions given in ISO 8402 (Quality Management and Quality Assurance Vocabulary) apply as follows: Quality The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs Product or Services Unless otherwise stated the result of activities or processes or an activity or process such as the provision of a service or the execution of a production process Quality Policy The overall quality intentions and direction of an organizations as regards quality, as formally expressed by top management. Quality Management That aspect of overall management function that determines and implements the quality policy. Quality Assurance All those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy given requirements for quality. Quality Control The operational techniques and activities that are used to fulfill requirements for guilty. Quality System The organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes and resources for implementing quality management. Quality Plan A document setting out the specific quality practices, resources and sequence of activities relevant to a particular product, service, contract or project. Quality Manual A document setting forth the general quality policies, procedures and practices of an organization. XIQuality Audit A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and related result comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieves. Inspection Activities such as measuring, examining, testing gauging one or more characteristics of a product or service and comparing these with specified requirements to determine conformity. Traceability The ability to trace the history, application or location of an item or activity or activity or similar items on activities by means of recorded identification. Nonconformity The nonfulfillment of specified requirements. Specifications The document that prescribes the requirements to which the product or service has to conform; Procedure: A methodology for carrying out a certain activity or series of operations. Procedures basically cover genera and cross- functional activities. Written Procedure: Documented and authorized for handling and carrying out a certain activity or series of operations. Instruction: A description of how to execute a specific operation. An instruction generally covers one or some of several specific operations included in a written procedure. Written Instruction Documented and authorized description of requirements to be fulfilled and followed a specific operation or task. The ISO 9001 standard is the most comprehensive of all there models for quality assurance. It consists of twenty paragraphs, some of which are broken down into as many as eight sub paragraphs. Xll1. Management Responsibility Quality Policy Responsibility and Authority Verification Resource and Personnel Management Representative Management Review 2. Quality System 3. Contract Review 4. Design Control General Design and Development Planing Activity Assignment Organizational and Technical Interfaces Design Input Design Output Design Verification Design changes 5. Document Control Document Approval and Issue Document Changes/Modifications 6. Purchasing General Assessment of Sub-contractors Purchasing Data Purchasingerification of Purchased Product X1UPurchasingerifıcation of Purchased Product 7. Purchaser Supplied Product 8. Product Identification and Traceability 9. Process Control General Special Processes 10. Inspection and Testing Receiving Inspection and Testing In-Process Inspection and Testing Final Inspection and Testing Inspection and Test Records 1 1. Inspection, Measuring, and Test Equipment 12. Inspection and Test Status 13. Control of Nonconforming Product 14. Corrective Action 15. Handling, Storage, Packaging, and Delivery General Handling Storage Packaging Delivery 16. Quality Records 17. Internal Quality Audits 18. Training 19. Servicing XIV20. Statistical Techniques The primary scope of the 9001 standard is to ensure that a supplier can demonstrate that his quality assurance of nonconformities across all stages from deign to servicing. There tends to be some confusion or occasional philosophical disagreements when someone tries to compare the ISO 9001, 9002 or 9003 series of quality assurance standards with the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM). When people realize that a significant portion of the implementation efforts required to achieve registration consist of documenting what you do, say you do, some individual develop an allergic reaction to ISO. To them, the real issue is total quality management. To achieve that objective everyone must be involved to solve a multitude of problems which may have accumulated over several years. Some even go as far as suggesting, with some sarcasm, that registration to one of the ISO standards“does not even guarantee that firms will make good products”. Low-growth economics, the rise of third-sector industries, and the movement of society to higher technology makes competition in the domestic and international markets increasingly severe. Companies are searching for strategies to cope with this increasingly difficult situation. The survival of companies does not depend merely on careful planing by managers and supervisors; a concerned effort by all company members is essential. Total Quality Control developed primarily in the manufacturing industries, but has quickly extended itself to construction, service banking and finance, electrical power, and retail industries. TQC activities allow companies to develop products that meet the needs of the world, to make cost reductions, and to provide goods and services with true international competitiveness. TQC activities also give companies the ability to endure whatever changes occur in the business environment. There are four specific points included in TQC;. Everyone participates.. All division perform it.. It is practiced at all stage of bringing the product to market.. It is systematically executed. ISO 9000 series intended to provide a vehicle to foster interaction of the elements of the modern approach to quality, including statistical applications, quality and reliability engineering, management and motivational aspects. ^nmrnxmr^mmis xv DG&DMAH i%: ; '. > «- ?.--^
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