The European Union's trade policies towards export restrictions on industrial raw materials in international trade
Avrupa Birliği'nin uluslararasi ticarette endüstriyel hammaddelere i̇lişkin i̇hracat kisitlamalarina yönelik ticaret politikalari
- Tez No: 839042
- Danışmanlar: DR. JAPPE ECKHARDT
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Uluslararası Ticaret, Uluslararası İlişkiler, International Trade, International Relations
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2022
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: The University of York
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 54
Özet
The unprecedented demand for raw materials caused by the industrial development of the emerging countries, mainly China and India, has pushed the EU to design a raw material strategy thereby ensuring the access of the EU downstream and manufacturing industries to raw materials. Apart from the sustainable supply of raw materials from European sources and resource efficiency through recycling; fair access to international raw material markets constitutes an essential pillar of this strategy. In this context, the EU implements external trade policies to eliminate and/or relieve the export restrictions imposed by the EU's trade partners on raw materials. These external trade policies include using multilateral platforms -mainly rules-based trade governance under the WTO-, achieving bilateral and regional initiatives and resorting to unilateral and coercive measures such as imposing trade remedy measures. When implementing and designing these trade policy tools, the economic and material interests of the EU are prioritized over other policy considerations which are related to the values and principles of the EU's identity as well as its single market rules. Furthermore, the EU seeks to find the best policy tools whereby it gains a comparative advantage in global trade. The EU resorts to the most appropriate and effective measures and diplomatic tools in order to ensure access to raw materials provided that these policy tools are sufficient to protect and promote its interests regardless of their appropriateness and compatibility with multilateral and rulesbased trade system. Taking into account these policy patterns, this study argues that the realist power theory for the EU in global trade must be recalled in order to assess critically the EU's external trade policies towards export restrictions imposed by its trade partners on industrial raw materials.
Özet (Çeviri)
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