Regulatory regionalism and article XXIV of the general agreement on tariffs and trade
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 400015
- Danışmanlar: STEFAN TALMON
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Hukuk, Law
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2010
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: University of Oxford
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 337
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
The last two decades have witnessed an unprecedented surge in the number of regional trade agreements (RTAs) concluded worldwide. One of the distinguishing features of these modern RTAs is that they go substantially beyond mere tariff elimination, and provide for rules in fields as varied as trade remedies, technical regulations and intellectual property. The provision of such regulatory content in regional deals creates the need to clarify the relationship between regulatory regionalism and the multilateral trading system. This study provides a new reading of GATT Article XXIV which defines the rules of this relationship. It examines the economic and historical arguments concerning RTAs, and finds that Article XXIV was not designed as a narrow exception. The analysis distinguishes between an overall consistency test and a test for the consistency of individual measures under Article XXIV. Under the individual consistency test, for a WTO-inconsistent measure to be justified under Article XXIV, it needs to constitute an elimination of an ?other restrictive regulation of commerce? (ORRC). Moreover, no ?other regulation of commerce? (ORC) should become ?more restrictive? after the formation of an FTA. The study maintains that the definition of the scope of the term ORRC determines the effective scope of regulatory regionalism. The term may be interpreted as delineating both a minimum and maximums scope. The evolutionary interpretation principle, as well as the purpose and factual context of the article, support this interpretation. The study argues that ?restrictiveness? should be the distinguishing feature of the term. ?Restrictive regulations? should denote all regulations whose restrictive effects are targeted by the WTO. The ORC requirement should not be read as imposing a freeze upon the applied levels of protection. Finally, the study applies this framework to the cases of WTO safeguards, and technical regulations.
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