Promoting positive feelings in pregnant women experiencing stress and/or anxiety due to environmental and internal stressors by art therapy and media
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 401467
- Danışmanlar: DR. DANIŞMAN YOK
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Güzel Sanatlar, Psikoloji, Sağlık Yönetimi, Fine Arts, Psychology, Healthcare Management
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2009
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Phillips Graduate Institute
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Aile Psikolojisi Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 70
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
Being a unique experience on the road to motherhood, pregnancy has always been a period of intense feelings and preparation. As an expecting woman's body goes through biological changes to accommodate her new life, she is surrounded by psychological and social factors that could affect hers and the fetus's well-being. Although it is mostly regarded as a medical condition in the modem world, research about the other aspects of the pregnancy period have increased in recent years. Pregnancy is a time when the future mother is responsible for both her well-being and the fetus's. However, many women experience stress, anxiety and depression during pregnancy, which has effects on their bodies. It is important to detect stress and/or anxiety early in the pregnancy in order to decrease the negative effects of stress on the fetus and the pregnant women. It is also important in order take preventive measures in early stages of pregnancy. Art therapy improves mood by providing an outlet to express feelings such as anxiety and stress. Art therapy can determine affect, feelings and thoughts by focusing on the usage of images, their reflection and their expression. Hidden emotions, fears and conflicts can find an opportunity to come up so that insights can be formed. Art therapy can work on stress and anxiety causing factors by enabling the therapist to work between the conscious and the unconscious to bring healing. The goal of this research was to identify the contributing factors of pre-natal anxiety and/or stress, to analyze the effects of stress and/or anxiety on pregnant women and to explore how art therapy interventions can be useful in reducing stress and/or anxiety to improve the life quality of women and her fetus as well as to prevent adverse outcomes. The author explored the main factors causing stress and/or anxiety in pregnant women. Findings supported that pregnant women do suffer from anxiety and/or stress due to biological and social variables. Lack of social support, fear about the upcoming delivery, insufficient income, unstable relationships with partners and stressful life events are the main factors that induce stress and anxiety in pregnant women (Glazier, Elgar, Goel & Holzapfel (2004), Ayers and Pickering (2005)). The author also searched through the literature for effects of stress and/or anxiety on the pregnant women and fetus. Literature confirmed that stress affects the fetus through its effects on the mother's body. When the mother's level of stress rises, cortisol level in her blood rises and this affects the baby directly by way of low uterine blood flow and decreased infant maturation (Ellman, Schetter, Dunkel, Hobel, Chicz-DeMet, Glynn & Sandman). The future behaviors, characteristics of the fetus can also be altered as the levels of hormones in excess can affect the programming of the fetus's neurons which may lead to insulin resistance, behavior disorders like attention and learning deficits, conduct disorder and feelings of anxiety and depression in the children (Marta Weinstock), (Vivette Glover & Thomas O'Connor). To support the hypothesis that art therapy interventions can reduce stress and anxiety in pregnancy, the author explored the effects of art therapy interventions in the literature. Komt's (2007) findings confirmed that types of expressive art therapies such as music therapy, Curry and Kasser (2005) coloring mandalas, and Swan-Foster, Foster, and Dorsey's (2003) studies on drawing as well as guided imagery study by Bush (1988) are effective in reducing stress and anxiety. The literature supported that art therapy can help people reduce stress and anxiety through creative process and therefore improve their mood. Engaging in art making facilitates sharing and communication of stress and anxiety and thus helps people in reducing their levels of stress by feeling externalizing it. Therefore, developing art therapy interventions specifically for use of reducing stress and/or anxiety in pregnant women will be useful in the field of art therapy and relational therapy in order to provide a healthier pregnancy periods and infants in to the world.
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