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Kognitive fähigkeiten der radnetzspinne Nephila senegalensis

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  1. Tez No: 402542
  2. Yazar: SEBAHAT POLAT
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. JUTTA SCHNEIDER, PROF. DR. SUSANNE DOBLER
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Biyoloji, Biology
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 2012
  8. Dil: Almanca
  9. Üniversite: Universität Hamburg
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Biyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 53

Özet

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Özet (Çeviri)

Cognition includes processes as attention, perception, use of information, decision making, learning and memory, which are not only human abilities. The ability of animals to learn and remember is crucial for survival and reproduction and associated with large increases in the volumes of certain brain parts, therefore requires more energy. Cognitive abilities cause investment in nerve tissue and represent some trade off between benefits and costs to be profitable. It is becoming increasingly clear that simple organisms like spiders and insects are not entirely instinct driven and inflexible in their behaviour, but based on sensory impressions can come to decisions and therefore learn. Experimental studies of animal intelligence divers of taxa achieved a great progress on understanding of behaviour adaptation and cognitive abilities. Numerous studies found considerable cognitive abilities of invertebrates. The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive abilities on orb-web spiders of the species Nephila senegalensis and to demonstrate easily measurable and standardized learning success. Using a conditioning test based on vibratory female N. senegalensis was exposed to different quality of prey, such as toxic and non-toxic prey. For comparing tempos of conditioning, reversibility and effect of toxins, filled gelatine capsules filled and flies injected with ouabain solution or water were used. Prey stimuli was generated by artificial high- and low-frequency of the vibrations that toxic and non-toxic prey objects should make identifiable for the spider by associating prey with different vibrational frequencies. The results indicate no clear evidence, that N. senegalensis can distinguish between different frequencies of vibrations and modify their behaviour with the help of vibrational frequencies. Learning could not be proved in both experiments. On the other hand, spiders seemed to remember information about prey features, leading to the assumption of a short-term-memory. They searched for non-toxic prey which were removed from the spiders' webs for a longer time than for toxic prey.

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