Kadın futbolculara uygulanan proprioseptif egzersiz programının, denge, proprioseptif duyu ve fonksiyonel performans üzerine etkisi
The effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female footballers their on balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance
- Tez No: 559070
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. MEHMET GÜNAY
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Spor, Sports
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol, Kadın, Proprioseptif duyu, Denge, Dikey sıçrama, Hız, Çeviklik, Egzersiz, Futbolcular, Propriyosepsiyon, Spor, Spor performansı, Sporcular, Equilibrium, Vertical jumping, Exercise, Football, Football players, Proprioception, Sports, Athletic performance, Sportsmen, Agility
- Yıl: 2019
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Gazi Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
Bu çalışma kadın futbolculara uygulanan proprioseptif egzersiz programının, denge, proprioseptif duyu ve fonksiyonel performans üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya, Balıkesir'de futbol lisansına sahip ve son 5 yıl düzenli olarak antrenman yapan 27 kadın futbolcu katıldı. Futbolcular 14 eğitim (yaş:20,36±2,65 yıl, boy:163,14±7,13 cm, kilo: 57,29±6,44 kg) ve 13 kontrol (yaş:21,69±2,10 yıl, boy: 165,69±8,56 cm, kilo: 57,31±6,01 kg) grubu olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Sporcuların iki basamaklı ön test-son test yöntemi kullanılarak günlük yaşantı ve antrenman program sistemi bozulmadan eşit fiziki şartlarda fiziksel ve fonksiyonel parametreleri alındı. Çalışmamızda; 1. Gün; Sporculara vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ve biyoelektrik impedans ölçümleri yapıldı. 2. Gün; Sporculara statik denge, proprioseptif duyu ölçümleri yapıldı. 3. Gün; Sporcuların dinlenmeleri istendi. 4. Gün; Sporculara 5, 10, 20 metre hız ve çeviklik (illinois, T test) yapıldı. 5. Gün; Sporculara dikey sıçrama testleri yapıldı. 6. Gün eğitim grubundaki sporculara rutin antrenman programlarına ek olarak 6 hafta sürecek şekilde haftada 3 gün proprioseptif egzersiz programını uygulandı. Kontrol grubundan ise normal günlük yaşantı ve antrenman programlarına 6 hafta devam etmeleri sağlandı. 6 hafta sonunda yine 5 gün süren ölçümler aynen tekrar edildi ve çalışma sonlandırıldı. Futbolculara ait verilerin dağılımı homojen yapıda olmadığı için parametrik olmayan karşılaştırma yöntemleri kullanıldı. Kontrol ve eğitim gruplarının ön test ve son test ölçümlerinde meydana gelen değişimleri incelemek için Wilcoxon testi yapıldı. Gruplar arası ikili karşılaştırmalar Mann-Whitney U testi ile yapıldı. Anlamlılık düzeyi olarak p<0,05 alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; proprioseptif eğitim programı uygulanan eğitim grubu kadın futbolcuların ön test-son test, statik denge skorlarında (ACOPX-ACOPY-FBSD-AFBS-P-EA, p<0.05) anlamlı farklılığın olduğu, proprioseptif duyu skorlarında (ATE, p<0.05; Sİ-AFV, p>0,05) kısmen anlamlı farklılığın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol grubu futbolcuların ise statik denge skorlarından (ACOPX-ACOPY-FBSD-MLSD-AFBS-AMLS-P-EA, p>0,05) değerleri ve proprioseptif duyu (Sİ-AFV-ATE, p>0,05) değerleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Futbolcuların fonksiyonel performans ön test ve son test sonuçlarına bakıldığında; eğitim grubu ve kontrol grubu futbolcuların dikey sıçrama (SS-YS-DS) ve hız (10,20,30m) değerleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Eğitim grubu çeviklik testleri (İllionist test, T test) değerlerine baktığımızda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kontrol grubu çeviklik testleri (İllionist test, T test) değerleri için ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, kadın futbolcularda, proprioseptif eğitim programı uygulamasının statik denge ve çeviklik performansını iyileştirmede etkili olduğu, proprioseptif duyuya kısmen olumlu düzeyde etki ettiği, dikey sıçrama ile hız performanslarında ise anlamlı düzeyde iyileşmenin olmadığı söylenebilir.
Özet (Çeviri)
This study aims to investigate the effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female football players on their balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance. 27 female licenced footballers in Balıkesir who had been training regularly for 5 years were included in the research. The footballers were divided into two groups- namely, 14 educational groups (age: 20.36±2.65 years old, height: 163, 14 ± 7.13 cm, weight: 57.29 ± 6.44 kg) and 13 control groups (age: 21.69 ± 2.10 years old, height: 165,69 ± 8.56 cm, weight: 57.31 ± 6.01 kg). The athletes' physical and functional parameters were obtained under equal conditions without disturbing their daily life and training programme by using the two-stage pretest-posttest method. Accordingly, on day one bodily weight, height and bioelectrical impedance measurements were made. On day two athletes' static balance and proprioceptive sense measurements were made. On day three the athletes were asked to have a rest. On day four they were given 5, 10 and 20- metre speed and agility tests (Illinois, T test). On day five, the participants were given vertical jump tests. On day six the athletes in the educational group were given a 6-week, 3 days a week proprioceptive exercise programme in addition to their routine training programme. At the end of week 6, the 5-day measurements were repeated and the activity was terminated. Non-parametric comparison method was used since the data for the athletes did not have homogeneous distribution. Wilcoxon test was performed to analyse the changes occurring in the pre-test and post-test measurements in the control and the educational groups. The paired comparisons between the groups were made through Mann-Whitney U test. Significance level was regarded as p<0.05. The findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in the pre-test-post-test and static balance scores of the female footballers in the educational group who were given proprioceptive educational programme (ACOPX-ACOPY-FBSD-AFBS-P-EA, p<0.05) and that there were partially significant differences in their proprioceptive sense scores (ATE, p<0,05; Sİ-AFV, p>0,05). In the control group, however, no significant differences were found in static balance scores (ACOPX-ACOPY-FBSD-MLSD-AFBS-AMLS-P-EA, p>0,05) and in the values of proprioceptive sense (Sİ-AFV-ATE, p>0,05). On examining the pre-test and post-test results for the footballers' functional performance, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences between the footballers in the educational group and the footballers in the control group in terms of their vertical jump (SS-YS-DS) and speed (10, 20, 30 m) scores (p>0.05). An examination of the agility tests (Illinois test, T test) of the educational group indicated that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Yet, no significant differences were found in the values of the agility tests (Illinois test, T test) of the control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, it may be stated that giving proprioceptive programme to female footballers is influential in improving their static balance and agility performance, that it had partially positive effects on proprioceptive sense and that it does not cause significant improvement in their vertical jumping and speed performance. This study aims to investigate the effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female football players on their balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance. 27 female licenced footballers in Balıkesir who had been training regularly for 5 years were included in the research. The footballers were divided into two groups- namely, 14 educational groups (age: 20.36±2.65 years old, height: 163, 14 ± 7.13 cm, weight: 57.29 ± 6.44 kg) and 13 control groups (age: 21.69 ± 2.10 years old, height: 165,69 ± 8.56 cm, weight: 57.31 ± 6.01 kg). The athletes' physical and functional parameters were obtained under equal conditions without disturbing their daily life and training programme by using the two-stage pretest-posttest method. Accordingly, on day one bodily weight, height and bioelectrical impedance measurements were made. On day two athletes' static balance and proprioceptive sense measurements were made. On day three the athletes were asked to have a rest. On day four they were given 5, 10 and 20- metre speed and agility tests (Illinois, T test). On day five, the participants were given vertical jump tests. On day six the athletes in the educational group were given a 6-week, 3 days a week proprioceptive exercise programme in addition to their routine training programme. At the end of week 6, the 5-day measurements were repeated and the activity was terminated. Non-parametric comparison method was used since the data for the athletes did not have homogeneous distribution. Wilcoxon test was performed to analyse the changes occurring in the pre-test and post-test measurements in the control and the educational groups. The paired comparisons between the groups were made through Mann-Whitney U test. Significance level was regarded as p<0.05. The findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in the pre-test-post-test and static balance scores of the female footballers in the educational group who were given proprioceptive educational programme (ACOPX-ACOPY-FBSD-AFBS-P-EA, p<0.05) and that there were partially significant differences in their proprioceptive sense scores (ATE, p<0,05; Sİ-AFV, p>0,05). In the control group, however, no significant differences were found in static balance scores (ACOPX-ACOPY-FBSD-MLSD-AFBS-AMLS-P-EA, p>0,05) and in the values of proprioceptive sense (Sİ-AFV-ATE, p>0,05). On examining the pre-test and post-test results for the footballers' functional performance, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences between the footballers in the educational group and the footballers in the control group in terms of their vertical jump (SS-YS-DS) and speed (10, 20, 30 m) scores (p>0.05). An examination of the agility tests (Illinois test, T test) of the educational group indicated that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Yet, no significant differences were found in the values of the agility tests (Illinois test, T test) of the control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, it may be stated that giving proprioceptive programme to female footballers is influential in improving their static balance and agility performance, that it had partially positive effects on proprioceptive sense and that it does not cause significant improvement in their vertical jumping and speed performance.
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