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ISO 9000 kalite güvencesi standartları serisi ve ISO 9001 ile ilgili bir inceleme

ISO 9000- standarts of quality assurance and a practice of ISO 9001

  1. Tez No: 46613
  2. Yazar: SAİME YİNANÇ
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. RAMAZAN EVREN
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Endüstri ve Endüstri Mühendisliği, Industrial and Industrial Engineering
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1995
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 121

Özet

As I explain before ISO 9004 is a guideline for quality mangement and quality system elements. In a firm, first of all organizational goals must be certain. The management of the firm must prepare their aims according to customer needs and expectations, rises, costs and benefits. In an organization management responsibility is very important. Quality Management is that aspect of the overall management function which determines and implement quality policy. A quality system is the organizational structure responsibilities procedures, processes and recourses for implementing quality management. I explained that quality in this chapter. The quality system typically applies to and interacts with all activities pertinent to the quality of a product or service. It involves all phases from initial identification to final satisfaction of requirements and customer expectations. These facing and activities may include the following: 1 - Marketing and market research, 2- Design/specification engineering and product development, 3- Procurement, 4- Process planning and development, 5- Production, 6- Inspection, testing and examination, 7- Packaging and storage, 8- Sales and distribution, 9- Installation and operation, 10- Thecnical assistance and maintenance, 11- Disposal after use. In the context of interactive activities within a company, marketing and design should be emphasized as especially important for determining and defining customer needs, expectations and product requirements, providing the concept for producing a product or service to defined specifications at optimum cost. In this chapter, for the ISO 9001, ISO 9003 what the firms must make and how they can continue this standards. ISO 9000 is not a rigid quality system, also it is not a very easy standard so as to every firm can not take it in a short time. Shortly this international standards are very important for the firms which want to say in the market and think market of the world. Before the other standards people must learn and read ISO 9004- Guidelines. In the Sixth Chapter, ISO 9001: Model for quality assurance in design/ development, production, installation and servicing. For use when conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier during several stages which may include design development, production, installation and servicing. In the Seventh Chapter, ISO 9002 quality systems examined. This system is model for quality assurance in production and installation. For use when conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier during i production and installation. This standard specifies quality system XVMi

Özet (Çeviri)

SUMMARY İSO 9000- STANDARDS OF OUALİTY ASSURANCE AN D A PRACTİCE OF İSO 9001 Many Scientists and firms make differerrt quality definitions. For example, according to J.M.JURAN“Ouality is conformity for using.”P. B. CROSBY says“Oualrty is conformity for conditions.”in İSO 9005 which is Ouality Dictionary,quality is totality of features and characteristics of a product ör service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated ör implied needs. in a contractual environment, needs are specified, wnerase in other environments, implied needs should be identified and defined. in many mstances, needs can change vvith time; this implies periodic revision of specifications. Needs are ussually translated into features and charecteristics vvith specified criteria. j^eeds may include aspects of usability, safety, avaliability, reliability, maintainability, economics and environment. The term quality is not used to express a degree of excellence in a comparative sense nor is it used in a quantitive sense for technical evalutions. in these cases a qualifying adjective shall be used. For example, use can be made of the following terms:“Relative Ouality”where products ör services are ranked on a relative basis in the degree of“excellence”ör“comparative”sense;“Ouajity Level”and“Ouality Measure”where price thecnical evaluations are carried out in a quantitive. Product ör service quality in influenced by many stages of irrteractive. XVMeasure“ where price thecnical evaluations are carried out in a quantitive sense. Product ör service quality in influenced by many stages of interactive activjties, such as design, product ör semce operation and maintenance. The economic achivement of satisfactory quality involves ali stages of the quality loop, as a whokı. The contributions to quality of the /arious stages within the quality loop are sometimes identified separately for emphasis. Two examples : ”Ouality attributable to design“, ”Ouality attributable to implemantation“. in some reference sources, quality is referred to as ”Frtness for use“ ör ”Fitness for purpose“ ör ”Costumer satisfaction“ ör ”Conformance to the require- ments". Since these represent only certain facets of quality, fuller explanation are usually required that eventually lead to the concept defined above.î in the first section, there are quality meanings,quality charecteristics and quality stages of a product vvhich are as follovvs; 1-Befons the production stage, 2-Productionstage, 3-Afterthe productionstage. For the first stage, there are some preparations for the production. Purchasing raw and the other materials, designing the goods, making the critics are ali in this stage. The most important thing at this stage is design quality of goods. Because, if there is a problem ör missing part in design there will be more problem for production stage. in production stage, quaiity is defined as also conformity quality. Ouality depends on design (before the production stage) quality, thecnical condffions, design, production and control processes and the quality of raw material and material. After the production stage starts from the distribution of the goods to the costumer. Aim is satisfaction of the customers. Name is performance quality. This stage shows the other stages results. in the third section, development of the quality and quality systems are examined as a vvhole. You can see and leam ali the stages vvhich is from Taylor to Modem Ouality in the World. Taylor started the serial and the most productive of vvorking system and serial production. After him, people started to examine and develope his minds. Stage by stage needs are changed and costumers want to quality instead of low priced goods. After the Second Worid War, Japanese people vvorked more and they started to give their goods to the Wor1d Market, cheaply. Ali people knew about the Japan goods were cheap but not qualified. After twenty years, Japanese produced more quaiified goods and they started to vviden their market ali över the Worid. They have a qUality system. The small people made the big and the first thing in the Worid: Total Ouality Control. TOC is a system vvhich consists of vvhole departmarrts in an XV İorganization. From the cleaners to the managers ali people must make trieir job carefülly and according to the quality rules. Because they must malce the for the future of ali people and job is their job. VVhen Japanese started to show their quality to the world America and European Countries developed another quality model which is İSO 9000. in the fourth section there is an explanation for İSO 9000.lntemational Standard İSO 9000 was prepared by Thecnical Committee ISO/TC 176.The purposes of this standards are as follows; 1-To clarify the distinctions and interrelationships amongthe principal quality concepts. 2-To provide guidelines for the selection and use of a series of intemational Standards on guality systems that can be used for intemal quality manage ment purposes and for extemal quality assurance purposes. İSO 9000 has 3 different quality standardThese are as follows; 1 - İSO 8402, Ouality: Vocabulary. 2-iSO 9001, Ouality Systems: Model for quality assurance in design/develop- ment, production, installation and servicing. 3-İSO 9002, Ouality Systems: Model for quality assurance in production and installation. 4-İSO 9003, Ouality Systems: Model for quality assurance in final inspection, and test. 5-İSO 9004, Ouality Management and quality System Elements: Guidelines. An organization should seek the accomplish the following three objectives with regard the quality. The organization should provide confidence to the purchaser that the intented quality is being ör will be achieved in the delivered product ör service provided. When contractually reguired, this provision of confidence may involve agreed demonstration requirements. in this section, there are general aims of the İSO 9000 standards. After this chapter that1 s in the fourth chapter, Ouality Assurance and İSO 9004 are examined.Quality assurance is ali those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product ör service will satisfy given requirements for quality. So as to; 1- Unless given requirements fully reflect the needs of the user, quality assurance will not be completed. 2-For effectiveness, quality assurance ussually requires a continuing evalution of the design ör specification for intented applications as well as verifications and audits of production, installation and inspection operations. Providing confidence may involve producing evidence. 3- VVithin an organization, quality assurance service as a management tool. in contructual situations, quality assurance is also serves to provide confidence in the supplier.' xviiAs I explain before ISO 9004 is a guideline for quality mangement and quality system elements. In a firm, first of all organizational goals must be certain. The management of the firm must prepare their aims according to customer needs and expectations, rises, costs and benefits. In an organization management responsibility is very important. Quality Management is that aspect of the overall management function which determines and implement quality policy. A quality system is the organizational structure responsibilities procedures, processes and recourses for implementing quality management. I explained that quality in this chapter. The quality system typically applies to and interacts with all activities pertinent to the quality of a product or service. It involves all phases from initial identification to final satisfaction of requirements and customer expectations. These facing and activities may include the following: 1 - Marketing and market research, 2- Design/specification engineering and product development, 3- Procurement, 4- Process planning and development, 5- Production, 6- Inspection, testing and examination, 7- Packaging and storage, 8- Sales and distribution, 9- Installation and operation, 10- Thecnical assistance and maintenance, 11- Disposal after use. In the context of interactive activities within a company, marketing and design should be emphasized as especially important for determining and defining customer needs, expectations and product requirements, providing the concept for producing a product or service to defined specifications at optimum cost. In this chapter, for the ISO 9001, ISO 9003 what the firms must make and how they can continue this standards. ISO 9000 is not a rigid quality system, also it is not a very easy standard so as to every firm can not take it in a short time. Shortly this international standards are very important for the firms which want to say in the market and think market of the world. Before the other standards people must learn and read ISO 9004- Guidelines. In the Sixth Chapter, ISO 9001: Model for quality assurance in design/ development, production, installation and servicing. For use when conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier during several stages which may include design development, production, installation and servicing. In the Seventh Chapter, ISO 9002 quality systems examined. This system is model for quality assurance in production and installation. For use when conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier during i production and installation. This standard specifies quality system XVMirequirements for use where a contract betvveen two parties requires demonstration of a suppllefs capability to control tha processes tfıat determine the acceptability of product supplied. The requirements specified in this international standard are aimed primariiy at preventing and at detecting any nonconformlty during production and installation and implementing the means to prevent its recurrence. in the Eighth Chapter, İSO 9003 which is the narrowed quality systems are examined. Model for quality assurance in final inspection and test This system is for use when conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier solely at final inspection and test in addition of İSO 9003, İSO 9005- Vocabulary is in this chapter. in the orijinal of İSO Standards definitions were made in three ianguages. Some of the mam deffinitions were made in three ianguages. Some of the main definitions are as follovvs. Grade: An indicator of category ör rank related to features ör charecteristics that cover different sets of needs for products ör senrices intented for the same tunctional use. Ouality Policy: The overall quality intentions and direction of an organization as regards quality, as formally expressed by top management. Ouality Management That aspects of overall management function that determines and implements ine quality policy. Ouality Control: The operational techniques and activities that are used to fulfil requirements for quality. jouality System: The organizational structure responsibilities procedures proces-ses and recourses and implementing quality management. ı ] jOuality Plan: A döcüment setting out the specific quality practices, recourses and sequence of activities relevant to particular product, service,contract ör project Ouality Audit A systematic and independent examination to determine vvhether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and vvhether these arrangemerrts are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives. in the Chapter Nine, practice of İSO 9001 in a firm vvhich is öne of the few companies in the textile world with a fully integrated production starting from raw wool and mohair to tops, yams and fabrics. The machinery at the plants includes fully automatic machines. The test laboratories control the chemical substances, raw materials, semi- finished products and the vvhole production process to ensure the consistency of the world- renovvned firms products. xix ' * /

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